“SECRET A trainee who recently returned to Peru after several months of training in Cuba, said that all his fellow trainees were asked to mark bridges and other similar demolition targets on detailed maps of Peru. They were also required to fill out : lengthy questionnaires”
“SECRET . 27 March 1963 PERU . 1. At least 181 Peruvians visited Cuba in 1962 on visits long enough to permit indoctrination, and according to an agent who participated, more than 150 of them were given guerrilla training. Following the training, 90 of these were designa”
“involved in the strike violence at La Oroya, Peru, last December, which culminated in several million dollars worth of damage to the smelter of the American-owned Cerro de Pasco mining company. One of these Cubans has also been directing the armed invasions of big ranches in”
“1**13• NLL01-09. -4-5 ( SECRET (4) CENTRAL INTELLIGENCE AGENCY - WASHINGTON 25, D. C. 1 11 April 1963 EYES ONLY MEMORANDUM FOR: The Director of Central Intelligence SUBJECT: Activities of Cuban-Trained Peruvian Guerrillas': 3: 1 The information in this memorandum come”
“We have a photograph, taken some time ago,. which shows De La Puente and two of his top Peruvian associates with Fidel Castro in Havana. Although the government did not move against the Communists and other extremist groups with any great vigor, proof of Cuban involvement in”
“SECRET 6. Some of the 158 guerrillas known to have been trained in Cuba have been' in hiding and inactive ever since the January round-up, and others are known to be waiting outside the country. The MIR leader, Luis de la Puente Uceda, was believed to be in Cuba and now is”
“SECRET An agent who took guerrilla training in Cuba last fall has provided a detailed account of his training, lists of other trainees he could identify, and in particular, a list of questions the Cubans apparently gave to all the Peruvians'. Possibly it is a standard ques”
“MIR, has visited Cuba on several occasions, and is on good terms with Castro. Cuba has assisted other pro-Castro groups of lesser importance, but such assistance has been limited to guerrilla training. One such group, the Army of National Liberation (ELN), organized by Peru”
“special assignment then he was appointed to stay behind in Mexico" tomorarily and toThenotCuban : official there. clandestine pg agave contact mlbha him instructions Qubanand and funds, Embassy he;: ■ ■: w directed the later groups which transited Mexico. Cl"e,"uiee"feirdoo ■”
“is- sued kits including rifles of Czech manufacture. All of those arrested were soon released, but some were re-arrested in the January round-up. 9. Prominent Peruvians who may have received indoctrination on visits to Cuba include nine student and -youth leaders including ”
“13-00000 SECRET NO FOREIGN DISSEM attention, which is given through the Cuban embassy- acMontevideo. Some FULNA members have received guerrilla training in Cuba. A once-weekly pro-Castro broadcast in the Guarani language has been heard in Paraguay since mid-November 1963”
“SECRET 6. Reports of trainees indicate that weapons training is confined to weapons they will be able to obtain, maintain, and replenish in their own countries. We have reliable and corroborative re- ports that trainees and sponsoring leaders alike have been told Cuba does”
“Peasant Leagues, which have run the camps, and the Cuban embassy. The principle that guerrillas must be self-sus taining has obviously been applied to finances as well. Communist guerrillas have staged numerous bank rob beries in Peru, Venezuela, and Argentina. The most s”
“(^% 19 1—S -2-.. persons in numerous points of entry in Latin America and with contacts in several European capitals who assist the group on their clandestine' return. Although many left Peru openly on validpapers, they are coming back illegally. Some have false documentat”
“SECRET EXCERPT FROM DRAFT NIE 85-63, 4 FEBRUARY 1963 32. Nonetheless, Castro continues his appeal for revolution in Latin America on the Cuban model. Those Latin Americans who are committed to violent revolution continue to look to Castro for help, particularly from his tr”
“points" in Europe and the United States, are also connected with the illegal return of Cuban-trained guerrillas to other countries. %36. Paris has emerged as the center of the networks. Groups of. ten arrive weekly from Cuba to be sent onto various Latin American '‘countries”
“SECRET Latin American governments are also able to maintain fairly accurate lists of their nationals known to have been in Cuba. We get a certain amount of cross- checking from lists of names furnished us by several of our agents who have undergone training, and in confess”
“a. One refugee, & deserter from Castro’s army, reported from personal knowledge that in late 1961 there were a number of students from Chile, Ecuador, Argentina, Guatemala, and Brazil living in a Havana suburb who regularly attended classes in Marxism-Leninism, propaganda tech”
“.SECRET -11- b. As a result of information passed by the Bogotalme Station to the Administrative Department of Security- (DAS) concerning Colombian travellers to Cuba, a number of passport violations have been discovered in which travellers to Cuba are using passports issu”
“13-00000 SECRET NO FOREIGN DISSEM Guiana, and other countries. Indeed, on at least two recent occasions, Che Guevara was quoted as restating familiar Cuban views on revolution. In an interview published in an Italian newspaper in March, Guevara reiterated that the road to”
“SECRET OCI No. 0515/63 27 March 1963 CENTRAL INTELLIGENCE AGENCY MEMORANDUM: Cuban Training of Latin American Sub versives SUMMARY 1. We estimate that at least 1,500 to 2,000 Latin Americans have received guerrilla training or political indoctrination in Cuba. 2. We”
“SECRET, expecting to leave for Cuba in the near future for training. CIA has increased its personnel assigned to travel control functions- at the Panama City airport, now permitting a three- man detail for each eight-hour shift. Station is continuing its pressure on Panamani”
“SECRET C. In any event, we know of only two coun- tries—Mexico and Uruguay-where Castro appears inclined for the time being to forego inciting violence, and this only because he wants a favorable climate for his operations into other countries. II. Even before the October”
“Armed Forces of Na tional Liberation, was organized last year with the help of Mauro Garcia, then an officer of the Cuban embassy. Members of this group were caught in November 1963 attempting to plant bombs at the home of the commander of the Bolivian Air Force and near t”
“13-00000 SECRET NO FOREIGN DISSEM A clandestine source Miihas gdod oonercts with Chileans tudentsui Cuba reported in February that tamrecently returned student said some 40 Chileans would soon be leaving Cuba to return to Chile. The source said these Chileans"had recelve”
“"agriculture" re ceive guerrilla warfare training. This instruction encompasses the use and management of communications equipment; the techniques of military intelligence, including methods of establishing intelligence net works to obtain information from peasants; traini”
“SECRET ANNEX D - ECUADOR Well-placed and reliable agents have reported that the last Cuban charge in Quito, Ecuador, had given more than $40,000 to the Union of Revolution ary Ecuadorean Youth (URJE) for guerrilla warfare training. More than 45 young Ecuadoreans, includ”
“SECRET She ' the next group will number approximately 100 men and that they will. receive instructions in Algeria, North Vietnam, Laos, and China. Ther top leader of the Peruvian group has told his lieutenants that howill. soon go to Algeria to start arrangements for this tra”
“SECRET' -12- The Prime Minister and Minister of Government and Police has requested from the CIA representative in Lima any information that he might supply on subversive elements posing a threat to the Government of Peru. . .. This request has opened an additional channel”
“SECRET ANNEX A - ARGENTINA A participant has given us a detailed account of a six-month guerrilla warfare training course given to 50 Argentine extremists in Cuba, from July to December 1962. Instruction included such sub- jects as weapons and explosives, ballistics, com-”
“SECRET - 12 - o • The Prime Minister and Minister of Government and Police has requested from the CIA representative in .. Lima any information that he might supply on subversive elements posing a threat to the Government of Peru. 5 This request has opened an additional ch”
“( I i 277/ the WH Division budget I - Probably Castro’s attempt to export his revo lution reached its peak in 1962. The first Castro- inspired guerrilla action in Latin America occurred in March of that year, when Indians in the interior of Peru attacked the towns of ”
“SECRET 27 March 1963 CUBAN TRAINING OF LATIN AMERICAN SUBVERSIVES SUMMARY 4 .Page 1 DISCUSSION A. Recruitment of Trainees • • .2 B. Travel. • . . 2 C. Numbers of Trainees ft 4 D. Training. 5 E. Subsequent Employment and Countermeasures 0 6 F. Purpose and Propaganda.”
“which two involved sabotage and terrorism, one guerrilla activity, and the re- mainder subversion. There is a rumor that the un- known individual who placed a bomb in an Incarnacion bank had been trained in Cuba. Perpetrators of the other, incidents have been identified, and”
“taken training, penetrations of sponsoring organizations, and in a few cases from the records of cooperating Latin Amer ican security services. 2. Monitoring of travel into Cuba gives some indication of how many have stayed long enough to receive training, but does not per”
“admittedly brought in from Cuba. (In Venezuela so much radio equipment was stolen last fall that this was unnecessary)) In 1962, Cuba furnished cash to buy weapons in Mexico to be smug- gled into Guatemala. In Peru, the guerrilla trainees who were rounded up in the Huampani-”
“13-00000 —SECRET NO FOREIGN DISSEM 7. Latin Americans returning to their coun tries after having received training in Cuba often take a round-about route to conceal the fact that they have been in Cuba. Many takeminelBowlet Bloor WilhighosmbomPrague. They then go through”
“units of about 20 men, who are under coordinated PCV command. Including terrorist groups of university students and paramilitary party formations in Maracaibo and other large cities, the total, number involved in violence probably does not exceed 600. Only seven known to be ”
“for this group’s growing terrorist efforts in George- town. Another source reports some Guianese were receiving guerrilla training in the interior of the country in November 1963, presumably for the newly-formed Guyana Liberation Army. -------- 229% 5. Chile ■ The Cuban ”
“() SECRET -16- b. In response to standing Agency instructions to give special attention to developments related to Cuba-based subversion, USIS posts in Latin America were prompt in reporting incidents and in providing editorial comments from the Latin American press”
“SECRET III. Training We estimate that:.at least 1,000, and perhaps as many as 1,500 persons came to Cuba during 1962, from all the other Latin American countries with 0 the possible exception of Uruguay, to receive ideo logical indoctrination, or guerrilla warfare train-”
“SECRET that this woman is a cut-out in the communica tions between the pro-Communist Peasant Leagues, which have run the camps, and the Cuban embassy. ll. The principle that guerrillas must be self-sustain ing has obviously been applied to finances as well. Communists ha”
“training in Cuba. "Four of these were VAN - members. Another group of recently-returned trainees was reliable, reported in early May to be seeking to establish a new revolutionary group in Panama and to launch revolutionary activities in the near f ut ure. ---------------- -”
“in 1962 is reasonably accurate. We also believe that the scope and volume of this training is being stepped up, just as we know that it incresed in 1962 over 1961. The basic training covers cross-country movement; of guerrillas, firing, care of weapons, and general guerrilla”
“13-00000 SECRET NO FOREIGN DISSEM ANNEX Country-by-Country Rundown on Cuban Subversion 1. Argentina Clandestine reporting for the past year con firms that the Cubans are cooperating with small extremist Peronist groups in an attempt to estab lish a coordinated subver”
“SECSET -12- 1, Civic Action MTTs were sent t Guatemala, Bolivia, Colombia, El Salvador, Jamaica and Ecuador. 6. Exchange of Intelligence on Cuban Subversion Central Intelligence Asenez CIA Stations throughout Latin America continued in a great majority of countries to furn”
“13-00000 NO FOREIGN DISSEM 11. Guatemala Cuba has been giving assistance and guidance to Guatemalan guerrilla and terrorist groups for over two years. While we have no firm evidence of substantial Cuban assistance in 1963, two clandes- • in 6611 ysc sono+aA his follower”
“oxenavin Colombia From Colombia reports have been received of increasing Cuban assistance, primarily in the form of training courses by instructors who have been trained in Cuba, to the Worker-Student- Peasant Movement (MGEC). A emali guerrilla band encountered by the Colo”
“SECRET been unable to establish any Cuban connection, as in the case of the 139 guerrillas tried in Venezuela last fall. 4. In the absence of a comprehensive statis- tical approach, information on arrests, trials, and the involvement of Cuban trainees in subversive activi”
“propagandists were released after several days of detention. 6. There have been three known terrorist at tempts, including the bombing of a theater and a radio station. Most of the participants are iden tified in clandestine reporting. They include several who have probab”