“4-00000 - 9 - 3/4812 There is continuous propaganda for the sending of volunteers as workers to Germany. Unwilling contingents of soldiers have left for the Blue Division. THE DIVISION AZUL was a Falangist manoeuvre to give polltical importance to some Falangist loaders. T”
“thing would happen in any part of Spain. The DIVISION AZUL" is hated by the majority of the people. They say that the majority have been forced to volunteer, and explain how the recruiting is done. Anyone who does—not want to go and fight Communism, take a step forward. Some ”
“- 7 - 5/4612 Lister is known and has a following in Galicia. Thepoliticians with most prestige are Prieto and Asana and Negrin, although Negrn Is the most hated by the Fal. angi sta ". the Regime to substitute for FUTURE PROSPECTS. — He thinks of the Republic as Edds that t”
“■ % - 22 - 3/4612 Hatred for the Falange is general in the majority of social classes. He says that even those wio belonged to the Falange before, young students, " employees or just rich peorle, do not wish to have anything to do with it. now, and say that the Falange is g”
“lis teeth fixed. K1 Carinoso was not a politician but took to the mountains in order to avenge the death of its usin who was assassinated by the Falange. That they often, like the guerilleros of Asturias, disguised themselves as Civil Guard, went down to the villages, and arr”
“"There, there are no parties, there are only anti-franquists, and all the differences between sections of the Popular Front have disappeared.”
“that every day the people speak acre openly against the regime. The contribution to "Anxilio Social” was obligatory : before but now no one pays. When the young ladies of "Auxilio Social® beg for - subscriptions in the streets and ask the reason for refusal, some people answer”
“-11 - o- FACTS ABOUT REST STANCE — In Spain acts of sabotage are carried but on the rail ways, factories, etc., although he cannot decide whether these are organised actions decreed wr illegal organisations of Spareh Republicans or are spon- -. taneous acts of workers who are e”
“- 21 - 3/1612 says that when the names of the first casualties arrived, the people were clad and said that will teach them to interfere in what does not concern them". The survivors case back disillusioned. They repent of having gone. The: majority of them come back ill or cr”
“news of the other organisations although he admits that if they have any organisation they would not go and tell him about it. When he is asked about the activity of the different organisations of which the Frente Popular is composed, and the attitude of the militant party me”
“A - 8 •. 8/4612 _ YRANOIX ANN —: BOX of the Spanish people are against SITUATION OF TSE_ the Frenquiet rolme. ® says that to assess accurately the solution desired by this ninct pereont le very difficult. Some wish, specifically, for the restorati ■» of the Republic, but he ma”
“Addressee, LUIS TEDESCHI, is shown by TRI.13328/42 to be a cover address for a USD.E. (UNION DEOCRATICA ESPANCLA) Manifesto sent fro: Cuba. He may also be the TEDESCHI, ESTADOS "NIDOS 8366, who is given as a cover address in the saw message in TRI.14725/42 (secret). REPORT N”
“0part (n # - N.y-Si Op.38 , 3/4618 NOT SECRET 17 l‘ 1 i FROM I No name, HAVANA, CUBA. TO * SR. L71S TED 9c"t, PICHINCRA 969, BUENOS AIRES, ARGENTINE, 23th July to 14th August 1942 1 Span: sh 6734 OPINION AS CONDITIONS IN SPAIN 1 ES C A IL BY CMYUNISTS PR . INT .RVI”
“The Falage had been betrayed. (This must refer to the thnsrchieta,Rsqvotes, and ether react enartos). The Falangiata are aware of the present atute in Sata, Berhapo that le the reason why they are seeking a solution whioh will preserve their elass privileges. In his own phrase - ”
“to face the problem of defeating a bourgeoisie such as the French bourgeoisie,: which has ideologists and has rulers of the caliber of a I Gaulle, and to face the problem of defeating an idiotic bourgeoisie such the Guatemalan bourgeoisie, with a ruler like comrade Enrique, is”
“refers above all the discontent of the families because their song have to spend four years in the army. Hoseya that they demonstrate their discontent and that they all want to be demobilised. But this open discontent ia confined, he says later, to private conversation. REPO”
“already known. The soldiers in general are against the entry of Spain into the war....They live in very bad conditions, badly fed, badly clothed ard ill-treated by the officers, especially by the recently recruited Falangists. They all wish to be demobi ised as soon as possib”
“5'191* rrtinfen 0 - 15 hungry. The workers, who are paid the same salary as before, cannotat Altos to deal on the Black Market and he says that there have been caresee Hornos where workers have fallen dead from hunger a work hopointed discontent although it is not openly e”
“0 -2- 3/4612 himself, and desires neutrality out since those who command are Serrano Sunar and the Falangists, Franco lac no choice but to do what Hitler orders him, and there is serious danger of war for Spain. He says that the Anglo Soviet and the Soviet—Aserican pact ar”
“14-00000 - 12 - $/4612 i1 ‘ only four Falangists, “who do not know what war means". In general he pretends to be slow and tries, t 6 st out of the questions with trifling ansvess. we think it is because he feels constrained by a Falangist who is with him. Ho declares that ”
“- 18 - $/4612 shave. exaggerating, since in the Russian Campaign they said that the Russians■ . were defeated already and nevertheless months passed and the war went on. i or %Our informant did not know the existence of the Anglo-Soviet and Soviet-% 3 i American pacts, altho”
“- 15 - 8/4512 8/0/42 had be n decorated with the iron cross, Our informant thinks that they have more losses than they confess to (all t ose he spoke with were Falangist students), and that in the casualty lists published only the names of the- most important are given. In Sp”
“men. He knows that the place they report to and train is San Sebastian, and that from there they leave for the f rent. He thinks that they are still sending people, but they are only ’reliefs8 for those who come hme. He adds that those who go to the Division Asul today,with ve”
“politics. because he only read tre sports ress in th papers and did ot want to know any- thing about the Falange. He says that there are many preparations for war; they are making fortifications on the coasts of Galicia and placing a considerable am nt of artillery there. He ”
“and later circulate them. He says that in Vigo . there is a secret transmitting station, but it was discovered by the police and all those connected with it shot. They were said to belong to the republican Left ("Isquierda Republican#) and among those slot there was one doctor ”
“- 6 - 3,4012 HELP GIVEN BY THE IRANQUIST REGIME A D THE FALANGE T YITLER. — Bow and then they send reinforcements to the Division Azul in groups of a thousand or one thousand- - ‘ ‘ five hundred. They say that in order to replace the casualties and tho those who return crippled”
“this point, without being questioned, he says that the Pequetes and. Falangiata cannot meet, because when the two parties were amalgamated the Requites were pushed into the background, and that is the reason they prefer the monarchy. On this point he says that he has heard not”
“TOWARDS THE WAR, — He says that no one speaks of the war because they take the view that Spain will not enter it. All ths world thinks that Germany will lose the war because her enemies are very strong. He says that nothing is said about the second front. About the Blue Divisi”
“^ AGAINST HITO. — H0 says that in Spala there are two parties, one ich supports the Germans and wishes for their triumph and the other which sympathizes and hopes for the victory of the Allies. the first class S. Super stands out, it includes all the Falango, some generals, a”
“example of solidarity against the Falange the old man said he had sold the pistolto a man who was going to America. They told him to prove it, the old brought as witnesses two peasants who lived more than a league away, without having agreed on a story first, but being quite ”
“people jo.ned it for safety's sake, but now it is dead thing that no one takes any notice of. The same happened with the “Flechas", ’Frente de la Juventud" ete. The syndicates have many members, because membership is obligatory in order to g et work. The workers would not joi”
“FITLER. — He says that in Spain there are two parties, one which supports the Carmans and wishes • for their triumph and the other which sympathises and hopes for the victory . of the Allies. the first class S. Super stands out, it includes all the Falange, some generals, and ”
“manufactured in Spain nor exported. But he takes the opposite view, that Bpain receives material from Germany; there are frequent consignments, mostly tanks. What Spain does sozd,not, "as sose say because the Germans take it", but because the Government gives it very willingly”
“18 3/1612 and assassinate. Three months ago at the Puerto de Somiedo, they machine- gunned a bus with travellers in it and the Civil Guard retreated. : 9 are assisted by the discontented peasants and their families, If they came to Franco, with their hands free of blood, he would”
“"Fabrica Continental" is working at high pressure, making tyre covers, while in Spain transport is held up for want of them. - THZ CHURCH. — He says that it is not true that in the Church there are anti-. German and Anti-Falangist groups. The supporters, of the Regime are th”
“17 8/4612 THE DIVISION AZUL, he says was voluntary, at least “the papers say so although I do not know". (His most frequent phrase is “the papers say so but nobody knows"). He asserts that there were many volunteers and one. went from the municipal government of Estrada, him vil”
“embracing them. The people do not like this kind of propaganda. As for the German infiltration into the country, he limits Mmself to saying - that they are the masters in Spain. He gives no data. He says that the 1% Falange is very much weakened, that only timeservers and thos”
“1 0 - 17 •ne 3/4612 THE DIVISION AZUL, he says was voluntary, at least the papers say so. although I do not know". (His most frequent phrase is the papers say 80 but nobody knows"). - Ee asserts that there were many volunteers and one '1 went from the municipal government ”
“people who are not communists; that for example the man who reprinted the article and those who read it were all on the Republican Left, and if there is any communist activity it is so camoufla-ed that no one knows who is _ the authors—He says that during the crossing they we”
“of the second front would be received with joy by all. "pkinsiin The attitude of the people to the "Division Asulu is frankly hostile. -. Tt has no sympathy from the people, even from the very moment the recruiting was ■ begun. Be s ays that in the beginning a. few volunteers ”
“courses and dessert 25 pts. One of them was charged 75 pts, for eating and sleeping in a pension in Vigo one day. A pair of shoes costs 25 pts., a poor suit 500, a dozen eggs 18 or more pts. The people hate the Committees of Supply used by the Falangists to make themselves ric”
“the queues people ***x*x*xx speak against the Government and the Falange. There are many prisoners. When the "nationalists" first entered Santander they killed people in thousands. The Falangists held many "paseos". They went on killing, only less than at first. The prisoners ”
“of Don Juan. The Falangista are enemies of the Monarchy and the people do not worry much about this problem. Referring to the attack on 8. Suner; Espinosa de los Monteros, Ambassador in Berlin, had on one of his visits to Madrid, a violent quarrel with Suner and in consequenc”
“informants that the Ministry constantly sent thea bo ks of military tactics, so that they could teach then to the children. The summer camps for children consist of canding boys to camp and teashing them drill. GENERAL SITUATION OF THE PEOPLE, — They spoke of the terrible po”
“-3- S/1612 The peorle are very united and there are not the old differences between the parties of the Frente Popular. The policy of National Union is unknown, he has heard no one s; eak of it. DETAILS F THS PEOPLE S STRUOGEE He says that he thinks that secret organisation”
“beginning many people were excited by the propaganda, then they got tired and practically the Youth Front does not exist. STUDENTS,------ These we all Sksx very harpy to be members of the S. E.U. because they avoid military service. The S.B.U. is obligatory . They only corps t”
“$ co 20 so 3/4612 the impression that he does not know really where their base was). 30.7.42. REPORT 371 A young Basque 24 or 25 years old. By profession a metal-worker. Up to . the beginning of the war he, was working with an uncle in Zaragoza. He remained / in the bat”
“ambitious. We have an ambition which blinds us and we are disposed to give our lives for that ambition. An ambition for what? “That in the coming days when Cuba is liberated people will pronounce our name with respect in our country." "When our men die in Cuba they are not o”
“eat at all, and are very badly clothed. It is pitiful to see them. They all wish to be de- mobilised as soon as possible. The ‘59 draft has been d mobilised and hi thinks the first reserve of the *40 draft as well. He thinks it is because they cannot keep them in barracks for”
“themselves fnom the English. Theywould do the same if the Germans invaded Spain. ON THE WAR.— He said that the Spanish idea was that it would last, five or six years and that when they were all exhausted there would be an armistice or negotiated peace. This is the opinion of ”